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Numerous example prove that people who  learn Abacus Mental Arithmetic since  childhood are more outstanding in intellect, academic  and  general  behaviour. Because of the length of this article, I only cite some example. The famous  Chen Yung-Chien  graduated  from  the senior high school of Taiwan Normal University, and then entered the department of information management, Cheng-Chi University this  year. His  other  senior  high  school  classmates  also  entered  the top university. Lo Yi-Chiung entered the mass communication  department  of  Cheng_Chih  University;  Wu  Ping-Chi entered the chemical engineering department  in  Taiwan  University;  Chen  Che-Shen  graduated  from Chien Ko Senior High School, entered the medical department  in Taiwan University; Lin Wun-Hsuan graduated from Chung Shan Girls Senior high  School,  entered  the chemical engineering department in Taiwan University; Hwang Pei-Shu entered the accounting department in Taiwan University.
The Gradual Increase of Children who Join the Abacus Mental Arithmetic Evaluation Test

In recent years, with the spread of Abacus Mental Arithmetic training, more and more children join the field and have a good performance. Take  for  example,  the evaluation  test help by Children's Abacus Association more than 128,000 children  participated  in the test in 1993; 162,000 in 1994; 192,000 in 1995. All these show that  the  children  who  take  part in the abacus evaluation  test  is on the rapid increase. The real number should  be  more  than  300,000 if we take into  consideration some similar tests  held  by  other  associations.  It  is  a  good  phenomenon,  which  proves  that  Abacus Mental Arithmetic is widely favoured and supported by the society.
As the consciousness of numbers is gradually  developed in children from one and a half to two years old, concrete items should further  strengthen  it,  so  that they know  their association. At this stage, concrete items work as 'teaching aids'. Through  constant  exploration, practice and tries, children get the concept of  numbers. The  process  goes  from  the concrete, semi-concrete to total abstract. The learning of abacus helps the understanding of natural science because it has concrete strings of balls to  help  thinking. 'The  elevation  of  abacus'  means  the ability to  calculate by  concrete balls to the invisible, imagery or formal calculation, which then reaches the level of mental arithmetic. The learning of  abacus  has  the same  process  as Piaget's and Burner's cognitive theory, which emphasizes the mental development from the concrete to the conceptual, formal and symbolic.
Obviously, Burner's theory, which also  emphasizes  the  gradual  development  of  intellect, is deeply influenced by Piaget's stage theory. That is, comprehension  and  assimilation of knowledge are most important  in every  stage  of  learning. Human wisdom  and  potentiality can keep growing without the limit of age. In other words, it is environment that will either slow down or expedite the development of intellect.  The  so-called  'readiness'  of  learning  does not totally rely on physical maturity. Therefore, teachers should not waste time in waiting for the biological maturity. When children are equipped with certain knowledge and great  opportunity  to lead them into another stage of learning. Burner therefore advocates the early inspiration of wisdom and learning, which helps unearth talent, shortens the unnecessary time of learning and accomplishes the learning goal
It  is  indeed  exhilarating  for  the  educators  to  see  the  wide  support of Abacus Mental Arithmetic training, which contributes a lot to the development of intellect.

Author: -
YANG CHU-HUNG, professor of Taichung Institute of Commerce, Taiwan